省部共建国重室刘剑辉在碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液中的腐蚀机理方面取得研究进展-特色金属材料与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室

省部共建国重室刘剑辉在碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液中的腐蚀机理方面取得研究进展

2024年10月10日 16:52 点击：[]

Fakang Yang, Jianhui Liu*, Hengrui Jia, Zheng Chen*, Leping Liu, Junmin Zhu, Shanwu Li, Chuanglin Lai, Caijun Shi. Corrosion mechanism of alkali-activated slag/metakaolin materials under carbonic acid solution,Cement and Concrete Composites, 2024 (154), 105779

摘要：为了促进碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土（AASM）材料在岩溶地区的应用，深入了解AASM材料在碳酸水溶液中的腐蚀特性至关重要。本文系统研究了AASM材料在碳酸水溶液环境下力学性能、物相组成和微观结构的演变规律。研究结果表明，AASM在碳酸溶液环境中的腐蚀机理可概括为四个阶段：溶解阶段、C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶脱钙和碳酸钙形成阶段、碳酸钙进一步腐蚀阶段和缓慢腐蚀阶段。根据Ca²⁺浸出程度的不同，腐蚀区域从外到内可分为凝胶层、碳化层和未腐蚀层。在碳酸水溶液环境下，溶解在水中的CO₃^2-和HCO₃^-等扩散至C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶中，与凝胶反应生成碳酸钙造成凝胶分解。并且生成的碳酸钙进一步被腐蚀成可溶性的碳酸氢钙，造成Ca²⁺的大量浸出、孔隙结构劣化和凝胶结构聚合度提高。随着偏高岭土掺量的增加，体系中钙含量降低，这将形成交联程度更高和更耐碳酸水溶液腐蚀的C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶，从而偏高岭土的加入能减弱AASM材料碳酸水溶液腐蚀的速率。研究结果为AASM材料在岩溶地区的运用提供了新的见解。

研究背景：

岩溶地区的地下水中二氧化碳浓度较高，经过一系列电离反应后会产生大量的HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-。这种富含HCO₃^-和CO₃^2-离子的水通常被称为碳酸溶液。在这种溶液的作用下，通过碳酸盐沉淀和溶解的反复循环，形成了特有的喀斯特地貌。而对于岩溶地区的地下混凝土结构而言，长期暴露在碳酸溶液中会严重影响其耐久性。在普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土中，碳酸溶液会与氢氧化钙（CH）和硅酸钙水合物（C-S-H）等水化产物发生反应，生成碳酸钙（CaCO₃）。此外，生成的CaCO₃在碳酸溶液中并不稳定，会与碳酸进一步反应生成可溶性碳酸氢钙，从而导致混凝土的劣化，如孔隙率增加、强度降低、收缩开裂和耐久性降低。因此，对于岩溶地区的工程结构而言，开发新型水泥基材料以增强其抗碳酸腐蚀性尤为重要。

碱性激发材料（AAM）是一种新型绿色胶凝材料，通常是通过激发剂与铝硅酸盐前驱体反应生成的。大量研究表明，与传统的水泥基材料相比，AAM通常表现出更好的耐久性能。当碱激发胶凝材料处于碳酸水溶液环境时，内部孔隙溶液与周围水之间的离子浓度（Na⁺和OH^-）差异会产生浓度梯度，导致离子从孔隙中浸入周围水中。这一过程会降低孔隙溶液的pH值，使凝胶结构退化，孔隙结构恶化，最终造成结构破坏。此外，外部碳酸水溶液中溶解的CO₃^2-和HCO₃^-离子也会与凝胶发生反应，导致明显的脱钙和结构耐久性的严重下降。

研究出发点：

目前，有关碱活性材料（AAM）在碳酸溶液中腐蚀特性的研究还不够充分，其劣化机理也尚不清楚。此外，对于碳酸水溶液腐蚀下C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶的化学组成和结构变化缺乏深入分析，反应产物在碳酸水溶液环境下的长期稳定性仍不完全清楚。

研究内容

1原材料和配合比：

砂浆和净浆样品的水胶比都设定为0.4，砂浆中胶砂比为3:1。所用砂的细度模数为2.0，比重为2580 kg/m³。采用水玻璃作为激发剂，模数为1.5，碱含量（以Na₂O计）定为8%。表1列出了砂浆和净浆样品的配合比。

表1砂浆和净浆样品的配合比

Codes	Slag (kg/m³)	Metakaolin (kg/m³)	Water (kg/m³)	Water glass (kg/m³)	Sand (kg/m³)	Ms
S100	585.9	0	154.2	248.5	1757.8	1.5
S85M15	489.1	87.8	154.2	248.5	1757.8	1.5
S70M30	410.1	175.8	154.2	248.5	1757.8	1.5

2碳酸水腐蚀实验：

本研究采用图1所示的装置进行加速腐蚀模拟实验。将二氧化碳气体引入反应容器，并施加0.4 MPa的分压。这导致CO₂不断溶解和电离，产生大量H⁺、HCO_3-和CO_3²-，从而模拟岩溶水腐蚀。在整个腐蚀过程中，反应容器内的温度保持在25 ± 1 °C，CO₂分压恒定在0.4 MPa。

图1碳酸水腐蚀装置示意图

3腐蚀深度：

碳酸溶液腐蚀后砂浆样品从外到里大致可分为三个不同的层，即白色（Ⅰ）、绿色（Ⅱ）和红色（Ⅲ）。


(a) S100	(b) S85M15

(c) S70M30

图2碳酸水溶液腐蚀深度示意图

4抗压强度：

随着碳酸水溶液腐蚀时间的增加，试块抗压强度呈现明显的下降趋势。碳酸水溶液腐蚀180 d后，S70M30表现出最低的抗压强度损失率（23.9%），而S85M15和S100的抗压强度损失率分别为25.7%、29.5%，这表明MK的加入提高了抗碳酸水溶液腐蚀性能。


(a)抗压强度	(b)抗压强度损失率

图3碳酸水溶液腐蚀后砂浆的抗压强度和抗压强度损失率

5不同腐蚀层的物相组成：

(1) XRD

未腐蚀层样品中在28-32° 2θ处出现一个弥散峰，这与无定形铝硅酸盐凝胶C-(N)-A-S-H的形成有关。腐蚀后，在碳化层样品中观察到方解石的衍射峰强度显著增加，还发现少量的碳酸钠。在凝胶层样品，结晶相方解石的衍射峰强度显著降低，在S85M15和S70M30组中甚至消失不见，并且在20-35° 2θ处出现一个较大的弥散峰。


(a) S100	(b) S85M15

(c) S70M30

图4碳酸水溶液腐蚀后的XRD图谱

(3) FTIR

在未腐蚀层样品中，随着MK含量的增加，Q²主键的振动模式向更高的波数移动，这表明铝含量的增加增强了四面体缩合和聚合作用。腐蚀后，与未腐蚀层相比，凝胶层和碳化层样品的Q²主键向高波数移动，其中凝胶层的主带略高于碳化层。


(a) S100	(b) S85M15

(c) S70M30

图5碳酸水溶液腐蚀后的FTIR曲线

(4) C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶的凝胶结构

随着MK含量从0%增加到30%，未腐蚀层在80.7 ppm处的宽峰向更高值（83.9 ppm）移动。腐蚀后，从最内层的未腐蚀层到最外层的凝胶层，Q¹和Q²相关的峰值明显减少，而Q³和Q⁴对应的峰值则显著增加。


(a)²⁹Si MAS NMR光谱图	(b)²⁹Si MAS NMR解卷积结果

图6腐蚀后AASM样品的²⁹Si MAS NMR光谱图和解卷积结果

(5) C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶的化学组成

在碳酸水腐蚀后，所有组中凝胶层中的Ca/Si大幅度下降，凝胶层中Ca/Si下降这是可归因于碳酸水溶液腐蚀下C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶的脱钙和碳酸钙的进一步溶蚀。对于Mg/Si而言，在碳酸水溶液腐蚀后相较于未腐蚀层，凝胶层中Mg/Si出现的略微降低，而碳化层中Mg/Si无明显的变化。而对于Na/Si而言，在碳酸水溶液腐蚀后凝胶层和碳化层中的Na/Si相较于未腐蚀层均出现明显的降低。


(a) S100 group Ca/Si	(b) S100 group Mg/Si	(c) S100 group Na/Si

(d) S85M15 group Ca/Si	(e) S85M15 group Mg/Si	(f) S85M15 group Na/Si

(g) S70M30 group Ca/Si	(h) S70M30 group Mg/Si	(i) S70M30 group Na/Si

图7腐蚀后不同元素原子比的EDS点分析

6不同腐蚀层的微观结构：

在未腐蚀层中，各组孔径分布在在毛细孔范围内观察到了峰值，相应的孔径分别为991.8 nm、807.5 nm和517.5 nm。而在碳化层和凝胶层样品中，大孔隙范围内的峰值发生明显的向右偏移。这表明碳酸水溶液腐蚀后，孔隙结构分布从凝胶孔和毛细孔向大孔隙发生急剧转变。


(a) S100	(b) S85M15

(c) S70M30

图8碳酸水溶液腐蚀后的孔径分布

7讨论：

（1）碳酸水溶液腐蚀引起的结构分层

对于所有样品组，腐蚀样品可根据钙元素含量的变化分为I（凝胶体层）、II（碳化层）和III（未腐蚀层）。


(a) S100	(b) S85M15

(c) S70M30

图9腐蚀后的EDS结果

（2）碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液腐蚀下的劣化机制

图10显示了碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液环境下的腐蚀过程示意图，大致将腐蚀过程划分别划分为四个个阶段。

阶段1：溶解阶段

在溶解阶段，外界溶解在碳酸水溶液中的CO₂会发生多步电离反应生成大量的CO_32-和HCO_3-，而C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶则被富含大量的CO_32-和HCO_3-离子的水层所包围。

阶段2：凝胶脱钙和碳酸钙的形成阶段

随着外界碳酸水溶液中溶解的CO_32-和HCO_3-离子扩散至凝胶结构内部时，进入凝胶的脱钙和碳酸钙的形成阶段，在此阶段，溶解的CO_32-和HCO_3-离子会直接与C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶发生反应并且在表面形成碳酸钙层。有趣的是，表面形成的碳酸钙层不能在碳酸水溶液环境中长期稳定存在，随着腐蚀的进一步发展会进一步被腐蚀，此时进入第三阶段。

阶段3：碳酸钙的进一步腐蚀阶段

在碳酸钙的进一步腐蚀阶段，外界碳酸水溶液中溶解CO_32-和HCO_3-离子进一步与表面形成的碳酸钙层发生反应，形成可溶性的碳酸氢钙。在此过程中，表层的碳酸钙层发生进一步腐蚀，导致仅剩下一些无定形的硅铝凝胶。而表面附着碳酸钙的C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶进一步暴露出来，这导致了溶解的CO_32-和HCO_3-离子再次与C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶反应在中内部形成碳酸钙层。

阶段4：缓慢腐蚀阶段

随着腐蚀进一步的进行，内部的C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶反复经历阶段2和3，导致最后仅剩下无定形的铝硅酸盐凝胶和极少量的碳酸钙，这将会导致碱激发胶凝材料力学性能的显著下降。

图10 C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶受碳酸水溶液腐蚀示意图(二维)

8研究结论：

（1）碳酸水溶液腐蚀对碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土（AASM）材料性能产生不利影响，而偏高岭土的加入降低了体系中的钙含量，减少了碳酸钙的生成量，并且形成交联程度更高的C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶，提高了AASM材料的抗碳酸水溶液腐蚀性能

（2）碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液环境下的腐蚀过程大致可分为四个阶段：溶解阶段、C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶脱钙和碳酸钙形成阶段、碳酸钙的进一步腐蚀阶段、缓慢腐蚀阶段。腐蚀后根据Ca²⁺浸出程度的不同，腐蚀区域从外到内可分为凝胶层、碳化层和未腐蚀层。

（3）在未腐蚀层的AASM主要由C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶和未反应矿渣颗粒组成；碳化层中主要为方解石和C-(N)-A-S-H凝胶组成，其中碳酸钙晶型主要以方解石为主；凝胶层中主要由硅铝凝胶组成。

（4）碳酸水溶液腐蚀后，碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土（AASM）材料的孔隙结构从内部未腐蚀层到中间的碳化层，再到最外部的凝胶层发生了明显劣化，凝胶孔隙和毛细孔隙向大孔隙发生急剧转变。

上一条：省部共建国重室石绍宏老师在3D打印水系锌离子电池研究领域取得进展下一条：省部共建国重室纳米光子学材料与技术团队在锑基化合物太阳电池研究突破性进展

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省部共建国重室刘剑辉在碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液中的腐蚀机理方面取得研究进展

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App.php	APPPATH/Config/App.php
Auto.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Config/Auto.php
Autoload.php	APPPATH/Config/Autoload.php
AutoloadConfig.php	APPPATH/System/Config/AutoloadConfig.php
Autoloader.php	APPPATH/System/Autoloader/Autoloader.php
BaseBuilder.php	APPPATH/System/Database/BaseBuilder.php
BaseCollector.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/BaseCollector.php
BaseConfig.php	APPPATH/System/Config/BaseConfig.php
BaseConnection.php	APPPATH/System/Database/BaseConnection.php
BaseHandler.php	APPPATH/System/Cache/Handlers/BaseHandler.php
BaseResult.php	APPPATH/System/Database/BaseResult.php
BaseService.php	APPPATH/System/Config/BaseService.php
Builder.php	APPPATH/System/Database/MySQLi/Builder.php
Cache.php	APPPATH/Config/Cache.php
Cache.php	APPPATH/Extend/Cache.php
Cache.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Cache.php
CacheFactory.php	APPPATH/System/Cache/CacheFactory.php
CacheInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Cache/CacheInterface.php
Category.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Action/Category.php
CliRenderer.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/CliRenderer.php
CodeIgniter.php	APPPATH/Extend/CodeIgniter.php
CodeIgniter.php	APPPATH/System/CodeIgniter.php
Common.php	APPPATH/System/Common.php
Config.php	APPPATH/System/Config/Config.php
Config.php	APPPATH/System/Database/Config.php
Connection.php	APPPATH/System/Database/MySQLi/Connection.php
ConnectionInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Database/ConnectionInterface.php
Constants.php	APPPATH/Config/Constants.php
Content.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Models/Content.php
Content.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Model/Content.php
ContentSecurityPolicy.php	APPPATH/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php
ContentSecurityPolicy.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/ContentSecurityPolicy.php
Controller.php	APPPATH/Extend/Controller.php
Controller.php	APPPATH/System/Controller.php
Database.php	APPPATH/Config/Database.php
Database.php	APPPATH/System/Database/Database.php
Database.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Database.php
Date.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Date.php
DebugToolbar.php	APPPATH/System/Filters/DebugToolbar.php
DotEnv.php	APPPATH/System/Config/DotEnv.php
Editor.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Editor.php
Events.php	APPPATH/Config/Events.php
Events.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Events.php
Events.php	APPPATH/System/Events/Events.php
Exceptions.php	APPPATH/Config/Exceptions.php
Exceptions.php	APPPATH/Extend/Exceptions.php
Exceptions.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Exceptions.php
Factories.php	APPPATH/System/Config/Factories.php
Factory.php	APPPATH/System/Config/Factory.php
Field.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Field.php
File.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Field/File.php
FileHandler.php	APPPATH/System/Cache/Handlers/FileHandler.php
FileLocator.php	APPPATH/System/Autoloader/FileLocator.php
Files.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Files.php
FilterInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Filters/FilterInterface.php
Filters.php	APPPATH/Config/Filters.php
Filters.php	APPPATH/System/Filters/Filters.php
Header.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/Header.php
Helper.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Helper.php
Hook.php	APPPATH/Extend/Hook.php
Hooks.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Config/Hooks.php
Hooks.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Hooks.php
IncomingRequest.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/IncomingRequest.php
Init.php	APPPATH/Init.php
Init.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Init.php
Input.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Input.php
Kint.php	APPPATH/Config/Kint.php
Kint.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Kint.php
Lang.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Lang.php
Logger.php	APPPATH/Config/Logger.php
Logger.php	APPPATH/System/Log/Logger.php
LoggerInterface.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/PSR/Log/LoggerInterface.php
Logs.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Logs.php
Member.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Model/Member.php
Message.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/Message.php
MessageInterface.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/MessageInterface.php
MessageTrait.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/MessageTrait.php
Model.php	APPPATH/Extend/Model.php
Model.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Model.php
Module.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Extends/Home/Module.php
Modules.php	APPPATH/Config/Modules.php
Modules.php	APPPATH/System/Modules/Modules.php
Paths.php	APPPATH/Config/Paths.php
Phpcmf.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Phpcmf.php
Query.php	APPPATH/System/Database/Query.php
QueryInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Database/QueryInterface.php
Related.php	FCPATH/App/Module/Action/Related.php
Renderer.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/Renderer.php
RendererInterface.php	APPPATH/System/View/RendererInterface.php
Request.php	APPPATH/Extend/Request.php
Request.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/Request.php
RequestInterface.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/RequestInterface.php
RequestTrait.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/RequestTrait.php
Response.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/Response.php
ResponseInterface.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/ResponseInterface.php
ResponseTrait.php	APPPATH/System/API/ResponseTrait.php
ResponseTrait.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/ResponseTrait.php
Result.php	APPPATH/System/Database/MySQLi/Result.php
ResultInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Database/ResultInterface.php
RichRenderer.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/RichRenderer.php
RouteCollection.php	APPPATH/System/Router/RouteCollection.php
RouteCollectionInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Router/RouteCollectionInterface.php
Router.php	APPPATH/System/Router/Router.php
Router.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Router.php
RouterInterface.php	APPPATH/System/Router/RouterInterface.php
Routes.php	APPPATH/Config/Routes.php
Routes.php	APPPATH/Extend/Routes.php
Routes.php	APPPATH/System/Config/Routes.php
Routes.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Routes.php
Security.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Security.php
Seo.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Seo.php
Service.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Service.php
Services.php	APPPATH/Config/Services.php
Services.php	APPPATH/System/Config/Services.php
Show.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Control/Show.php
Text.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Text.php
TextRenderer.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/TextRenderer.php
Textarea.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Textarea.php
Timer.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Timer.php
Timers.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Timers.php
Toolbar.php	APPPATH/Config/Toolbar.php
Toolbar.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar.php
URI.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/URI.php
UserAgent.php	APPPATH/System/HTTP/UserAgent.php
UserAgents.php	APPPATH/Config/UserAgents.php
Utils.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/Utils.php
Version.php	FCPATH/My/Config/Version.php
View.php	APPPATH/Config/View.php
View.php	APPPATH/Extend/View.php
View.php	APPPATH/System/Config/View.php
View.php	APPPATH/System/View/View.php
View.php	FCPATH/Fcms/Core/View.php
Views.php	APPPATH/System/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Views.php
custom.php	/webdata/wei/config/custom.php
database.php	/webdata/wei/config/database.php
domain_app.php	/webdata/wei/cache/config/domain_app.php
domain_client.php	/webdata/wei/cache/config/domain_client.php
hooks.php	/webdata/wei/config/hooks.php
index.php	/webdata/wei/index.php
init.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/init.php
init_helpers.php	APPPATH/System/ThirdParty/Kint/init_helpers.php
lang.php	/webdata/wei/api/language/zh-cn/lang.php
site.php	/webdata/wei/cache/config/site.php
system.php	/webdata/wei/cache/config/system.php
template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_footer.html.cache.php	/webdata/wei/cache/template/template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_footer.html.cache.php
template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_header.html.cache.php	/webdata/wei/cache/template/template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_header.html.cache.php
template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_show.html.cache.php	/webdata/wei/cache/template/template_DS_pc_DS_default_DS_home_DS_show.html.cache.php
url_helper.php	APPPATH/System/Helpers/url_helper.php

File:	/webdata/wei/dayrui/Fcms/Control/Show.php
App:	/
Controller:	show
Method:	index
URI:	show/index
URL:	http://wei.vialancer.com/index.php?c=show&id=27

Datetime	Status	Method	URL	Content-Type	Is AJAX?
2023-07-25 14:40:22	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 14:40:18	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:35	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:33	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:31	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:29	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:25	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:20	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:18	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:16	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:12	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:06	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:50:03	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:49:39	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 11:49:36	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 09:50:02	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 09:36:57	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 09:35:42	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-25 09:33:16	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No
2023-07-24 17:45:43	200	GET	http://wei.vialancer.com/	text/html; charset=UTF-8	No

Cookie	pgv_pvi=2798497912
Accept-Language	zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding	gzip, deflate
Referer	http://wei.vialancer.com/index.php?c=category&id=12
Accept	text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
User-Agent	Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/113.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests	1
Connection	keep-alive
Host	wei.vialancer.com

CodeIgniter Version:	4.0.5
PHP Version:	7.2.16
PHP SAPI:	fpm-fcgi
Environment:	development
Base URL:	http://wei.vialancer.com/
Timezone:	PRC
Locale:	en
Content Security Policy Enabled:	No

Time	Event Name	Times Called
4.91 ms	pre_system	1
0.05 ms	dbquery	5

省部共建国重室刘剑辉在碱激发矿渣/偏高岭土材料在碳酸水溶液中的腐蚀机理方面取得研究进展

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4.0.5

Database (5 Queries across 0 Connection)

Views

运行时间：0.01ms

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Files ( 148 )

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View Data

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Response ( 200 - OK )

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